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Vol. 12 No. 09 (2025)
International Multidisciplinary Journal for Research & Development

Articles

SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY BASIS FOR Cu(II) AND Zn IONS: ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS AND COMPLEX FORMATION.

Published 2025-09-18

  • Khurshida Rajabboyovna Kosimova.

Khurshida Rajabboyovna Kosimova.
Samarkand State Pedagogical Institute, Spitamen branch street, №166 Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Abstract

 The spectral sensitivity of transition metal ions plays a crucial role in coordination chemistry and analytical spectroscopy. This work explores the electronic transitions and complex formation of Cu(II) and Zn ions with immobilized alizarin-based dyes. Emphasis is placed on the characteristic d–d transitions of Cu(II) and the ligand-to-metal charge-transfer processes observed in Zn coordination systems. UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis was applied to determine absorption maxima, molar absorptivity, and stability constants under controlled experimental conditions, including variations in pH and ionic strength. The findings reveal that Cu(II) ions undergo significant spectral shifts due to ligand-field effects and Jahn–Teller distortions, while Zn ions display spectral sensitivity primarily through charge-transfer interactions. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of sorption–spectroscopic methods for selective identification of Cu(II) and Zn ions in complex mixtures. The study contributes to the development of reliable sensor materials with potential applications in environmental monitoring, water quality control, and industrial analysis.

Keywords

Cu(II) ions; Zn ions; electronic transitions; complex formation; UV–Vis spectroscopy; sorption–spectroscopic methods; alizarin dyes; spectral sensitivity; coordination chemistry; environmental monitoring.

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References

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