PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC FEATURES OF ALVEOLAR STRUCTURES IN PNEUMOPATHIES
Abstract
The present study investigates the specific pathomorphological and morphometric alterations occurring in the alveolar structures of the lungs in various pneumopathies. Structural remodeling of the alveoli represents one of the most critical processes determining the clinical course and prognosis of pulmonary diseases. Lung tissue samples obtained from patients with inflammatory, infectious, and dysplastic pneumopathies were examined using histological, histochemical, and morphometric techniques. The results revealed pronounced thickening of alveolar septa, partial destruction of the epithelial lining, capillary congestion, and compensatory fibroblastic proliferation. Morphometric analysis showed a significant reduction in alveolar surface area and an increase in interalveolar septal thickness compared to healthy lung tissue. These findings confirm that pneumopathies are accompanied by deep structural and functional remodeling of the alveolar component, directly affecting gas exchange efficiency.Keywords
pneumopathy, alveoli, morphology, morphometry, lung tissue, epithelial damage, fibrosis, remodeling
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