PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF ANEMIA TYPES AND HEMODYNAMIC COMPENSATORY MECHANISMS: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS
Abstract
This comprehensive study is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine—the molecular pathogenesis of anemias of various etiologies and the analysis of the body’s multistage adaptive responses to hypoxia. The article thoroughly examines the cellular-level mechanisms of the main forms of anemia—iron deficiency anemia (IDA), megaloblastic anemia (vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiency), hemolytic anemia, and aplastic anemia—as well as the hormonal and genetic regulation of erythropoiesis.
The central part of the study scientifically substantiates hemodynamic alterations, including changes in blood rheological properties, increased cardiac output, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, and redistribution processes within the microcirculatory bed. The obtained results make it possible to identify the functional reserves and “fatigue points” of compensatory mechanisms depending on the severity of anemia, as well as to prevent cardiohemodynamic complications.
Keywords
Anemia, pathophysiology, hematogenic hypoxia, hemodynamics, compensatory mechanisms, erythropoiesis, cardiomyopathy, iron deficiency, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, oxyhemoglobin dissociation
References
- Azizov A.A. Hematology and Transfusiology. Tashkent: Abu Ali ibn Sino, 2018. – 320 p.
- Hakimov H.A. Pathophysiology of Internal Diseases. Tashkent: Yangi Asr Avlodi, 2020. – 245 p.
- Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Clinical Protocols: Iron Deficiency Anemia. Tashkent, 2022.
- Bobojonov S.N. Internal Medicine. Tashkent: Iqtisod-Moliya, 2015. – 480 p.
- Qurbonov R.D. Fundamentals of Cardiology. Tashkent: Meditsina, 2019. – 350 p.
- Ismoilov B.I. Elements of Clinical Hematology. Tashkent: Sharq, 2017. – 190 p.
- Abduqodirov A. Hematology Textbook. Tashkent, 2021. – 260 p.
- Zayko N.N. Pathological Physiology. Tashkent: Yangi Asr Avlodi, 2014. – 640 p.