MORTALITY RATES IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and its coexistence with diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly amplifies the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Diabetes is associated with metabolic disturbances, endothelial dysfunction, and accelerated atherosclerosis, all of which contribute to increased mortality in IHD patients. This study aims to evaluate mortality rates in patients with IHD and diabetes mellitus and to identify key clinical, metabolic, and prognostic factors influencing survival outcomes. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 180 patients diagnosed with IHD, divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. The findings reveal that diabetic patients exhibit significantly higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates, primarily due to silent ischemia, diffuse coronary artery disease, and a higher prevalence of complications such as heart failure and arrhythmias. Poor glycemic control, prolonged duration of diabetes, and coexisting metabolic syndrome were strongly associated with increased mortality risk. These results underscore the necessity of early detection, aggressive risk factor management, and integrated therapeutic strategies to improve survival in this high-risk population.