THE POLICY OF FORCED LABOR IN TURKESTAN AND ITS SOCIAL IMPACT (1916)
Abstract
This study examines the policy of forced labor introduced in Turkestan in 1916 and its profound social consequences for the indigenous population. Based on historical documents, including the proceedings of the State Duma and contemporary accounts, the research analyzes the legal, political, and socio-economic aspects of the mobilization decree issued on June 25, 1916. The study argues that the implementation of compulsory labor obligations violated the fundamental laws of the Russian Empire and ignored the economic conditions and social structure of the local population.
Keywords
Forced labor, Turkestan, 1916 uprising, Russian Empire, colonial policy, indigenous population, State Duma, mobilization decree, social unrest, administrative arbitrariness, legal violations, Central Asia, World War I, imperial governance, socio-economic impact.
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