TRACHEOSTOMY AS A MEASURE TO EXTEND ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IN PATIENTS OF ICUS

Abstract

Tracheostomy is a necessary operation in critically ill patients dependent on a ventilator. Patients in intensive care units who are scheduled to receive mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days should be transferred to breathing through a tracheostomy. Tracheostomy allows: to reduce the dead respiratory space; to stop sedation of patients; to facilitate access to the lower respiratory tract; to prevent changes in the mucous membrane and cartilages of the larynx, etc. Transcutaneous tracheostomy is preferable as the fastest and most convenient, it is performed directly by intensive care physicians, without the involvement of specialized specialists. There is a lot of data on the methods of performing tracheostomy, the timing of its imposition, and complications of the operation.