THE ANALYSES ON THE HISTORY OF METALLURGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE TASHKENT OASIS
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical development of metallurgy and metalworking in the Tashkent oasis based on archaeological, historical, and material evidence. The study examines metal artifacts and production traces dating from the Bronze Age through the early and high medieval periods, including tools, weapons, jewelry, ritual objects, smelting remains, molds, ore–processing residues, and workshop structures. Archaeological findings from major sites such as the Chirchiq and Ohangaron valleys, Shoshtepa, Binkat, and Tunkat demonstrate the deep–rooted traditions of metal production, the evolution of technological processes, the emergence of specialized craft centers, and the formation of local metalworking schools within the oasis.
Keywords
Tashkent oasis, Chirchiq, Ohangaron, Chach, Ilak, Tunkat, Andronovo culture, metallurgy, Shoshtepa, Binkat, archaeology.
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