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Vol. 12 No. 12 (2025)
International Multidisciplinary Journal for Research & Development

Articles

SIGNIFICANCE AND DETERMINATION METHODS OF CHROMATE (CrO₄²⁻) ION

Published 2025-12-05

  • Bunyod Bo‘jonovich Bobojonov
    • ,
  • Akramova Durdona Akram qizi

Bunyod Bo‘jonovich Bobojonov
Uzbek National Pedagogical University named after Nizami, PhD

Akramova Durdona Akram qizi
Uzbek National Pedagogical University named after Nizami, 4th-year student

Abstract

 The chromate ion is a hazardous heavy metal species posing serious risks to the environment and human health. Industrial effluents have led to widespread contamination of water, soil, and plants with chromium. Consequently, the development of sensitive, selective, and cost-effective methods for Cr (VI) determination is of critical importance. This review analyzes modern physicochemical techniques—including spectrophotometry, voltammetry, ion-selective electrodes, adsorption, microextraction, and nanomaterial-based sensors. Reagents such as diphenylcarbazide and azo compounds enable reliable detection of Cr (VI) at µg/l to ng/l levels. Many of these methods have been successfully applied to real-world samples (water, soil, food), offering effective analytical approaches for monitoring and controlling Cr (VI) pollution.

Keywords

Chromium (VI), heavy metal, pollution, spectrophotometry, electrochemical sensor, nanoparticles, adsorption, selectivity.

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