ANTHROPOCENTRIC PARADIGMS IN THE “KHAMSA” OF NIZAMI GANJAVI AND ALISHER NAVOI: A COMPARATIVE-TYPOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

This article comparatively analyzes anthropocentric paradigms in Makhzan al-Asrar by Nizami Ganjavi and Hayrat ul-Abror by Alisher Navoi. The study examines ideological transformation, structural parallels, and linguistic differentiation between the two works. The findings demonstrate that Navoi does not merely imitate Nizami but reinterprets mystical humanism into a socio-ethical paradigm grounded in civic responsibility.

Beyond structural correspondence, the article explores how the concept of the human being evolves from a predominantly metaphysical construct in Nizami’s poetry into a socially engaged and ethically accountable subject in Navoi’s interpretation. While Nizami foregrounds inner purification and spiritual ascent as the primary path to human perfection, Navoi expands this vision by emphasizing public duty, justice, and service to society as essential components of human dignity. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of key motifs such as divine wisdom, kingship, moral virtue, and love, demonstrating that Navoi reshapes inherited imagery to reflect historical consciousness and communal responsibility. Consequently, the comparative analysis reveals a dynamic continuity in which tradition becomes a foundation for creative reinterpretation rather than passive repetition.