INTEGRATION MECHANISMS: BORROWINGS, HYBRIDS, AND CALQUES IN NEOLOGISMS. ‘LEXICOGRAPHIC GAP’ A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WORDS ABSENT FROM DICTIONARIES.
Abstract
This study investigates integration mechanisms in neologisms—borrowings, hybrids, and calques—and examines the “lexicographic gap.” A corpus of contemporary Uzbek texts from media and digital platforms was compiled and compared with existing dictionaries using quantitative analysis. The results show a notable proportion of frequently used words absent from dictionaries, with borrowings prevailing, followed by hybrids and calques. These findings demonstrate rapid lexical change and reveal limitations in current lexicographic coverage. The study concludes that systematic, data-driven updates are necessary to align dictionaries with evolving language use.
Keywords
neologisms, borrowings, hybrid formations, calques, lexicographic gap, corpus linguistics, quantitative analysis, lexicography, language integration, modern Uzbek language, lexical innovation, terminology.
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