TERMITE CONTROL IN ARID AGROECOSYSTEMS: A REVIEW

Abstract

Termites are major pests in arid and semi-arid regions, causing extensive damage to crops, infrastructure and cultural heritage[1]. Conventional chemical control (soil termiticides, wood fumigants) can suppress infestations but often gives only short-term relief and risks environmental contamination[2][3]. This review synthesizes literature (2015–2025) on termite management in arid environments (e.g. Uzbekistan’s Khorezm region and similar drylands), covering chemical, biological, ecological and integrated approaches. We evaluate efficacy and sustainability: for example, botanical insecticides (neem, essential oils) have shown termite mortality comparable to synthetics[4][5], and bait systems using minimal toxicants can achieve nearly 100% colony elimination while reducing non-target impacts[6][7]. We also highlight termites’ positive soil functions in drylands[8][9], underscoring the need for judicious control strategies. In conclusion, integrated pest management (IPM) — combining targeted baits, habitat management and biological agents — appears most sustainable for regional termite control, balancing crop protection with ecosystem health[10][9].