ARCHAIC AND HISTORICAL WORDS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK: COMPARATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Abstract
Archaic and historical words constitute an integral dimension of the lexicon in any language, reflecting its diachronic evolution and cultural memory. This article examines the phenomenon of archaisms and historisms in English and Uzbek, drawing on comparativetypological and phraseological analyses. By exploring classification frameworks, semantic domains, functional roles in proverbs and literary texts, and the challenges of translation, the study highlights both commonalities and languagespecific features. The findings suggest that while both languages use archaic vocabulary to evoke historical ambience, sociocultural customs, or stylistic authenticity, the processes of archaism formation, retention, and obsolescence differ significantly due to linguistic history, sociolinguistic dynamics, and literary traditions. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of lexical archaicism and its role in preserving culturalhistorical identity across languages.
Keywords
archaism; historism; obsolete vocabulary; English language; Uzbek language; phraseological units; translation; language change.
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