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Vol. 12 No. 12 (2025)
International Multidisciplinary Journal for Research & Development

Articles

THE MANIFESTATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF GRADUONYMY AT THE LEXICAL LEVEL IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

Published 2025-12-15

  • Xoldarova Nodiraxon Husanboy kizi

Xoldarova Nodiraxon Husanboy kizi
Lecturer, Faculty of Tourism and Economics, Kokand University

Abstract

This article explores the phenomenon of graduonymy at the lexical level in English and Uzbek, focusing on its structural, semantic, and functional characteristics. Graduonymy refers to the hierarchical or gradual relationship between lexical items that express varying degrees of a quality, intensity, or quantity. The study employs a descriptive–comparative research design, analyzing data from monolingual and bilingual dictionaries as well as literary and journalistic texts. Results show that English primarily relies on independent lexical items and syntactic modifiers to express gradation, while Uzbek combines lexical means with morphological strategies such as affixation and reduplication. The study highlights both universal cognitive patterns and language-specific realizations of graduonymy, emphasizing the role of context, pragmatics, and stylistic factors in interpreting gradational meaning. The findings contribute to lexical semantics, contrastive linguistics, translation studies, and applied language teaching.

Keywords

Graduonymy, Lexical semantics, Gradational meaning, English language, Uzbek language, Contrastive linguistics, Morphological gradation, Semantic hierarchy

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