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Vol. 12 No. 12 (2025)
International Multidisciplinary Journal for Research & Development

Articles

FEATURES OF CHANGES IN BLOOD CYTOKINES AND PROTEASE INHIBITORS IN PATIENTS WITH LONG-TERM NON-HEALING PURULENT WOUNDS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Published 2025-12-24

  • Mirzayev Kamol Karimovich,Azizov Dilshod Turdaliyevich

Mirzayev Kamol Karimovich,Azizov Dilshod Turdaliyevich
Andijan State Medical Institute Andijan, Republic of Uzbekistan

Abstract

The management of long-term non-healing purulent wounds (LNHW) remains a critical challenge in clinical surgery due to the complex interplay of immunological and biochemical dysregulations. This review synthesizes current scientific evidence regarding the systemic alterations of cytokine profiles and the protease-inhibitor balance in the blood of affected patients. Analysis reveals that chronicity is driven by a "vicious cycle" where persistent pro-inflammatory signaling (high TNF- α, IL- β) and a deficiency in protease inhibitors (such as α1-antitrypsin) lead to uncontrolled tissue degradation. Understanding these systemic markers is essential for developing predictive diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutic interventions.

Keywords

Long-term non-healing wounds, purulent infection, cytokines, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (α), protease inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), α1-antitrypsin, inflammation markers, proteolysis, pathogenesis, chronic wounds.

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