EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND MODERN ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY STRATEGIES IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

 Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, significant paradigm shifts have occurred in the approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of AH. This scientific article is dedicated to analyzing modern methods of early diagnosis in arterial hypertension and new therapeutic strategies. The article systematizes the latest clinical recommendations from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published between 2023 and 2025, as well as the results of major trials that form the basis of these recommendations. Specifically, the analysis covers the "elevated blood pressure" category (120–139/70–89 mmHg) introduced in the ESC 2024 guidelines, strict blood pressure targets (systolic BP 120–129 mmHg), and the enhanced role of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in cardiovascular risk stratification. Furthermore, advancements in therapy strategies are discussed, including the role of low-dose triple and quadruple single-pill combinations ("polypill" strategy) as first-line treatment, the position of renal denervation (RDN) in resistant hypertension, and the efficacy of new molecules such as baxdrostat and aprocitentan. In conclusion, the modern strategy for AH is based on principles of individualized approach, early and aggressive intervention, and unified therapeutic decision-making.