MONETARY RELATIONS BETWEEN THE TIMURID DYNASTY AND THE MING DYNASTY
Abstract
The article explores the monetary and trade relations between the Timurid Empire and the Ming Dynasty, drawing on Chinese and Central Asian sources. It highlights Chen Cheng’s observations on market structure, coin circulation, and taxation systems, as well as the role of jade exchange in diplomatic missions. The study reveals how monetary policy, tribute exchanges, and diplomatic interactions reflected broader economic cooperation between the two states.
Keywords
Timurid Empire, Ming Dynasty, Chen Cheng, monetary relations, trade, jade exchange, taxation, diplomacy, silver coins, economic cooperation.
References
- Chen, C. (Chén Chéng). (1414). Xiyu Fanguo Zhi [Records of the Western Regions]. pp. 9–10. (In Chinese)
- Xu, Xiaodong. (n.d.). Jade Artifacts of the Timurid Dynasty. Hong Kong: Chinese University Art Museum. p. 12. (In Chinese)
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